Exploratory Assessment to Evaluate Seed Sprouting under Elevated CO2 Revealed Improved Biomass, Physiology, and Nutritional Value of Trachyspermum ammi

Elevated atmospheric CO2 (eCO2) can significantly enhance plant metabolism and improve their nutritional quality. Although several studies addressed the effect of eCO2 on plants, to our knowledge, there are no that have applied growth, chemical composition, biological properties ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) during sprouting. Herein, (620 µmol mol?1) was employed photosynthetic reactions. Improved photosynthesis induced primary bioactive secondary metabolism, which led improved activities T. ammi sprouts in comparison with control seeds. eCO2-treated showed (p < 0.05) higher levels most measured metabolites like soluble sugars, essential amino acids, organic oils, phenolics, flavonoids than sprouts, had values antimicrobial against 11 out 13 microbial species more potent The significant increase antioxidant potential treated indicated by ferric reducing power (FRAP), DPPH, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). In addition, anticancer activity four different human tumor cell lines boosted both sprouting exposure. Thus, present study confirms synergistic exposure as promising approaches produce rich nutraceuticals, effective phytochemicals, enhanced activities.